Women with prior GDM had higher adjusted ALT and AST levels than women without GDM (by 6.7% [95% CI 1.7-12.0] and 4.8% [95% CI 0.6-9.1], respectively).
Associations between ALT and AST with risk of GDM were found to be non-significant (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.91-1.90, I<sup>2</sup> 65% and OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.52-1.10, I<sup>2</sup> 16%, respectively).
We investigated longitudinal associations of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) with insulin secretion and resistance markers across early to mid-pregnancy and subsequent GDM risk.