Combination with ETV and PEG-IFN could be an option for treatment of CHB patients especially in those with baseline HBsAg levels of less than 3.5 log U/ml.
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss was observed in 1 patient (2.5%); 56 patients (88%) showed at the time of diagnosis of CHB another infectious diseases that required specific treatment before PEG-IFN; this treatment was also affected by an higher incidence of side-effects (>50%).
Liver biopsy is the reference method for antiviral therapy decision-making in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) when alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is less than two times of upper limit of normal (<2ULN).
TDF was more effective than the placebo in reducing vertical transmission in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) pregnancies with high serum HBV-DNA levels (OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.07-0.61) at 4-12 months, infant HBV DNA seropositivity at delivery (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.07-0.37), and a severe flair in maternal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.19-0.95) during pregnancy.
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with advanced fibrosis are often not considered for treatment with peginterferon (PEG-IFN) because IFN therapy may precipitate immunological flares, potentially inducing hepatic decompensation.
The expression levels of STAT-1 and APOBEC3G in the liver of CHB patients with a complete response to IFN-α are significantly higher than that of the patients with non-response to IFN-α treatment.
This study enrolled 72 patients with undetectable viral loads (≤12 IU/ml) and normal alanine aminotransferase levels after ADV add-on therapy for at least 6 months in LVD-resistant CHB patients.
Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with advanced fibrosis are often not considered for treatment with peginterferon (PEG-IFN) because IFN therapy may precipitate immunological flares, potentially inducing hepatic decompensation.
The cumulative rates of undetectable hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA;<2.6 log(10) copies/ml), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seronegativity, seroconversion, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalization, and entecavir signature mutations were calculated in 474 nucleos(t)ide-naïve CHB patients (HBeAg-positive: 47%) on continuous entecavir treatment for 4 years.
When PBMCs were stimulated by HBcAg and IL-18 at various concentrations, the levels of IFN-gamma in the supernatants of CHB groups were much higher than those in normal control groups, at 0.2 ng/ml: t=11.70, P<0.01; at 1.0 ng/ml: t=16.19, P<0.01; and at 5.0 ng/ml: t=20.12, P<0.01.
The diagnosis of HBeAg-negative CHB is based on HBsAg positivity, HBeAg negativity, and mainly on increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum HBV-DNA levels and exclusion of other causes of liver disease.
We analyzed occurrence of postnatal DCM among children with high-degree congenital heart block (CHB) and mothers with anti-SSA and/or anti-SSB antibodies.
This study aimed to develop an algorithm for the non-invasive detection of SLHC in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and normal or mildly elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels.Using liver histology as gold standard, we developed a simple algorithm for the diagnosis of SLHC in a training set (504 patients), and then validated the diagnostic accuracy in a validation set (166 patients).A new algorithm (AAG) attributed to age, ALT, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) was developed.
However, the limited efficacy is the main factor restricting the use of PEG-IFNα in CHB and therefore identifying the predictors of response is of great clinical importance.
High expression of SIGLEC1 in pregnant women with autoantibodies against Ro/SS-A indicates an enhanced risk for CHB development, and these women may benefit especially from IFN-α directed therapy, for example with hydroxychloroquine.
The area under the curve (AUC) for <i>RASSF1A</i> methylation (0.718) was better than the corresponding AUC for AFP (0.609) in distinguishing HCC from CHB.
A combination of PIVKA-II and AFP demonstrated better diagnostic accuracy in differentiating patients with HBV-HCC from patients with CHB or HBV-LC than AFP or PIVKA-II alone [area under the curve (AUC), 0.922 (95% CI, 0.908-0.935), sensitivity 88.3% and specificity 85.1% for the training cohort; 0.902 (95% CI, 0.875-0.929), 87.8%, and 81.0%, respectively, for the validation cohort].