Given what is known about the pathogenesis of PMD with its association with vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) encoded by an X-linked gene and androgenetic/biparental mosaicism, which is consistent with female dominancy and a poor outcome, we suggest that a male sex of the fetus and non-progressing PMD may have been associated with this good outcome.
A recent report indicated that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D, regulating cell proliferation and/or differentiation, may be associated with the development of placental mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD), a disorder characterized by cell proliferation/differentiation.