Apolipoprotein D mediates autocrine protection of astrocytes and controls their reactivity level, contributing to the functional maintenance of paraquat-challenged dopaminergic systems.
Further evidence for an involvement of nociceptin/orphanin FQ in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease: a behavioral and neurochemical study in reserpinized mice.
As a result, 6-hydroxydopamine could lead to PD-like lesions, including tremor, stiffness, attenuated spontaneous activity, and bradykinesia in mice, and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the striatum was decreased.
In aged rats, increased TH expression and DA in SN alone increases movement frequency, suggesting aging-related TH and DA loss in the SN contributes to aging-related bradykinesia or decreased physical activity.
Urinary dysfunction in untreated PD is related with increase in motor symptoms (especially bradykinesia and axial symptoms) and reduction of striatal DAT availability.
To enroll PD subjects as early as possible following diagnosis, subjects were eligible with only asymmetric bradykinesia or tremor plus a dopamine transporter (DAT) binding deficit on SPECT imaging.
The left CR score was associated with left arm bradykinesia and rigidity scores and DAT uptake in the right posterior putamen, whereas no such associations were found for the right CR score.
Aging studies report little to moderate loss of striatal dopamine (DA) or tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in nigrostriatal terminals, in contrast to ~70%-80% loss associated with bradykinesia onset in Parkinson's disease.
Analysing MAPT alternative splicing, the expression of 1N/4R isoform was inversely associated with global parkinsonism (p = 0.008) and bradykinesia (p = 0.008).
The clinical features of LRRK2-associated with PD in our patients were similar to those of idiopathic PD although most LRRK2 mutated patients presented with bradykinesiainstead of tremor; 33.3% developed dementia.
Based on motor Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale subscores, MAPT (P = .0002) and CCDC62 (P = .003) were predominantly associated with bradykinesia, and we further discovered associations between SREBF1 (rs11868035; P = .005) and gait impairment, SNCA (rs356220; P = .04) and rigidity, and GAK (rs1564282; P = .03) and tremor.
More LRRK2G2019S carriers reported muscle stiffness (rigidity, p = 0.007) and balance disturbances (p = 0.008), while more GBA mutation carriers reported slowness (bradykinesia, p = 0.021).
Here, we report a 37-year-old male Korean patient carrying a PSEN1p.Gly417Ala mutation with exceptionally early and severe presentations, including a wide range of atypical symptoms of rapid cognitive decline with a stooped posture, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
Parkinson disease (PD) is neurodegenerative disorder characterized by tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia and pathologically by the deposition of alpha-synuclein within different tissues.
In SCA3 the common EPS were bradykinesia (44.4%), staring look, postural tremor and dystonia (33.3% each), and reduced facial expression and rigidity (22.2% each).
The association between FMR1 mRNA level and bradykinesia implicates pathophysiological mechanisms which may link FMR1 mRNA toxicity, dopamine deficiency and parkinsonism in FXTAS.
A novel p.Leu(381)Phe mutation in presenilin 1 is associated with very early onset and unusually fast progressing dementia as well as lysosomal inclusions typically seen in Kufs disease.
More LRRK2 G2019S carriers reported muscle stiffness (rigidity, p = 0.007) and balance disturbances (p = 0.008), while more GBA mutation carriers reported slowness (bradykinesia, p = 0.021).