We report (1) identification of a set of amplification primers for the 31 exons of ABCC6; (2) identification of the ABCC6 R>X1164 nonsense mutation in the PXE subject with dyslipidemia; (3) identification of common amino acid variants and silent nucleotide variants in ABCC6, with a range of allele frequencies across ethnic groups; (4) evidence consistent with a possible pseudogene encoding 9 exons with sequence homology to ABCC6; and (5) association of the ABCC6 R>Q1268 variant with plasma triglyceride and HDL cholesterol.