In vitro studies showed that the <i>POU1F1</i> c.605delC mutation codes for a truncated protein with reduced transactivation capacity on its downstream effectors, viz., growth hormone (<i>GH</i>) and prolactin (<i>PRL</i>) causing severe CPHD.
The proband, born to consanguineous parents, presented with proportional growth failure (height 108.8 cm, -3.48 SDS), combined pituitary hormone deficiency (GH, TSH, PRL and gonadotropins) and a suprasellar mass with optic chiasm invasion, compatible with a diagnosis of chiasmatic hypothalamic glioma, as revealed by MRI.
We identified a de novo heterozygous 522,009-bp deletion involving LHX4 in a patient with CPHD (GH, TSH, PRL, LH, and FSH deficiencies), anterior pituitary hypoplasia, ectopic posterior pituitary, and underdeveloped sella turcica.
Therefore, abnormalities of the POU1F1 gene are known to be responsible for a phenotype causing combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) involving growth hormone, prolactin and thyrotropin.
PROP1 and POU1F: Recessive mutations within the pituitary-specific transcription factor Prophet of Pit1, or PROP1, are associated with CPHD (GH, prolactin [PRL] and TSH deficiency with additional LH and FSH deficiency).
Mutations of the PROP1 gene lead to combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD), which is characterized by a deficiency of GH, TSH, LH/FSH, PRL and, less frequently, ACTH.
The pituitary transcription factor Pit-1 is expressed during the later differentiation stages of anterior pituitary development and Pit-1 mutations have been identified as the cause of a combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) for GH, prolactin and TSH.
Pit-1 gene mutations result in complete growth hormone (GH) and PRL deficiencies and variable degrees of TSH deficiency, producing the clinical syndrome of combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD).
Mutations in the Pit-1 gene result in insufficient expression of this factor, accounting for a form of combined pituitary hormone deficiency for growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone.