Eighty-nine cases of pure high-grade DCIS and 119 cases of high-grade DCIS associated with IBC were characterized according to estrogen receptor (ER) and HER2 status, subjected to immunohistochemical analysis of PTEN, INPP4B, phosphorylated (p)AKT and pS6 expression, and to microdissection followed by Sequenom genotyping of PIK3CA and AKT1 hotspot mutations.