The loss of tuberin, the tuberous sclerosis-2 (Tsc-2) gene product, is associated with cytoplasmic mislocalization of p27 in uterine leiomyomas derived from Eker rats (Tsc-2(EK/+)) and in human metastatic renal cell carcinoma tissue.
Co-expression of cytokeratin and vimentin by the tumor raised the possibility of metastatic renal cell carcinoma and positivity of the tumor for PAX8 supported this hypothesis.
To describe the relationship among patient characteristics, Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene status and clinical outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients receiving vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-targeted therapy.
Targeting Bacteroides in Stool Microbiome and Response to Treatment With First-Line VEGF Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma.
The therapeutic categories of tyrosine kinase inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors and programmed death-1 inhibitors have transformed the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer.
Advances in our knowledge of VEGF role in tumor angiogenesis, growth, and progression have permitted development of new approaches for the treatment of mRCC, including several agents targeting VEGF and VEGF receptors: tyrosine kinase pathway, serine/threonine kinases, α 5 β 1-integrin, deacetylase, CD70, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AKT, and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K).
Using the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (imdc) dataset, a retrospective analysis of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mrcc) treated with nivolumab or cabozantinib in the second line after prior therapy targeted to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (vegfr) was performed.
The study showed that everolimus treatment is a safe and effective treatment option in the treatment of mRCC after VEGF-TKI, with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile in real-life settings.
The development of newer targeted agents, like vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors and immunotherapy have changed the treatment paradigm in mRCC patients.
In a multicenter phase 2 study, performed in patients with mRCCnot amenable to or progressive on a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) containing treatment regimen, we assessed whether the addition of this metronomic dosing schedule of cyclophosphamide to therapy with everolimus could result in an improvement of progression-free survival (PFS) after 4 months of treatment.
In addition, patients receiving VEGF-TKIs with mRCC appeared to have less relative abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. as compared with previous reports based on healthy subjects.
To assess the tolerability, safety, pharmacokinetics and antitumor activities of lenvatinib, an oral inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, in combination with everolimus, an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin, in Japanese patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma after disease progression with vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy.
Since continuing blockade of VEGF may be of value, we studied the combination of bevacizumab with temsirolimus in mRCC patients relapsing after first-line treatment.
Everolimus (E) and axitinib (A) have been standard treatments for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma after failure of first-line therapy (1L) with vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy.
The clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical staining and scoring for select tissue biomarkers, treatment, and outcome of patients with mRCC treated with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) between July 2006 and March 2011 at Asan Medical Center in Seoul, South Korea, were reviewed.
Adult patients with mRCC were eligible for everolimus treatment after first-line vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors or bevacizumab therapy.
In the past two decades, the treatment landscape for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma has significantly changed thanks to the approval of several targeted molecular therapies (VEGF and mTOR inhibitors) and recently immune-checkpoint inhibitors.
At the recommended phase II dose (RP2D), patients with clear cell mRCC and one to two prior therapies (including ≥ 1 VEGF-TKI) were randomized to BNC105P with everolimus (arm A) or everolimus alone (arm B).
We conducted a clinical trial to evaluate bevacizumab, a neutralizing antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor, in patients with metastatic renal-cell carcinoma.
Over the past 2 decades, several vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been the mainstay for first- and second-line treatment of mRCC.
We reviewed the clinical efficacy of axitinib after nivolumab treatment failure in six patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC); the patients had received nivolumab treatment following vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors.