After adjustment for potential confounders, non-significant associations with RCC were observed for total adiponectin (OR for highest vs. lowest quartile = 0.65, 95% CI 0.37-1.14; p <sub>trend</sub> = 0.35), HMW adiponectin (0.67, 0.38-1.17; p <sub>trend</sub> = 0.36), IGF-1 (1.35, 0.77-2.39; p <sub>trend</sub> = 0.17), IGFBP-3 (1.47, 0.83-2.62; p <sub>trend</sub> = 0.53), and C-peptide (1.52, 0.86-2.70; p <sub>trend</sub> = 0.15).
NDUFA4L2 may interact with 14 tumor-related proteins, participate in growth and death processes and be involved in ccRCC-related pathways, such as insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphoinositide 3 kinase serine/threonine protein kinase (PI3K/AKT).
Elevated IGF-1/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) autocrine/paracrine signaling in patients with renal cell carcinoma is associated with poor prognosis of the disease independent of their von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) status.
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)-mediated signaling is associated with different tumors including renal cell carcinoma.
This altered expression is differentially regulated according to the histologic subtype of RCC, and suggests that the IGF/IGFBP axis may play an important role in determining the malignant phenotype of RCC.
We confirm the dysregulation of the IGF-axis within clear cell renal cell carcinoma including the upregulation of IGFBP-3, which is further validated by immunohistochemical staining on a tissue array containing 50 RCC: positive staining in 29/30 clear cell; 1/10 papillary and 0/10 chromophobe.