Anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 therapy has induced tumor regression and improved clinical outcome in patients with different tumor entities, including melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma.
Nivolumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits programmed cell death 1, is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treating advanced melanoma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and other malignancies.
In addition, the combination of antibodies to CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) and to PD-1 (nivolumab) has been found to confer a survival benefit in patients with melanoma or renal cell carcinoma.
Peripheral blood sPD-1 level and PD-1 positivity in patients with liver cancer and melanoma cancer were higher than those in patients with renal cell carcinoma and breast cancer.
To identify genomic alterations in ccRCC that correlate with response to anti-PD-1 monotherapy, we performed whole-exome sequencing of metastatic ccRCC from 35 patients.
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs), including antibodies against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 and programmed cell death protein 1, have been shown to induce durable complete responses in a proportion of patients in the first-line and refractory setting in advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.
The relative treatment efficacy was similar according to sex (male vs female, <i>P</i>=0.60), performance status (0 vs ≥1, <i>P</i>=0.68), tumor histology (squamous NSCLC vs non-squamous NSCLC vs melanoma vs urothelial carcinoma vs head and neck carcinoma vs renal cell carcinoma, <i>P</i>=0.64), and treatment type (PD-1 inhibitor vs PD-L1 inhibitor, <i>P</i>=0.36).
Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who were treated with PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitors and subsequently developed complaints of new joint pain were referred to the BWH Arthritis Center as part of routine care and identified retrospectively.
Antibodies targeting two negative immune checkpoint pathways, namely cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have been approved first for patients with melanoma, squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and renal cell carcinoma.
The combination of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 blockade with antiangiogenics has demonstrated a consistent clinical efficacy, especially for the combination of bevacizumab and atezolizumab as first-line therapy in metastatic RCC.
Two types of immune checkpoint inhibitors, both antibodies that target cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 and those that target programmed cell death-protein 1, have been approved for use in melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma as first-line or second-line therapy.
Comparison of irAE from the three most studied tumour types in PD-1 mAbs trials [melanoma (n = 2048), non-small-cell lung cancer (n = 1030) and renal cell carcinoma (n = 573)] showed melanoma patients had a higher frequency of gastrointestinal and skin irAE and lower frequency of pneumonitis.
The current study was undertaken to investigate mechanisms underlying the failure of PD-1-targeted therapies in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) whose tumors express PD-L1.
Safety and clinical activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors after programmed cell death 1 inhibitor treatment in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.