We further found that FK506+minocycline treatment inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 phosphorylation, NF-kB nuclear translocation, caspase expression, and enhanced phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) and phosphorylated Bcl2-associated death promoter (pBAD) levels to reduce cognitive impairment and apoptosis.
Inhibition of p38 MAPK in the present study protected SH-SY5Y cells from the toxicity of Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>, and alleviated the formation of senile plaques and cognitive impairment in AD mice.