Interestingly, daily intraperitoneal administration of galantamine, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, reversed cognitive dysfunction in surgery mice and attenuated accumulation of microglia and protein levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus.
Dexmedetomidine can significantly improve postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with colorectal cancer, and the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction can be affected by age, duration of anesthesia, intraoperative blood loss and the high expression of IL-6 and S-100β.
In conclusion, elevated circulating IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations at hospital discharge were associated with long-term cognitive dysfunction in ICU survivors.
In this study, the effect of SAK on spatial discrimination in a rat model of cognitive dysfunction exposed to D-galactose was investigated with respect to its effect on malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, and on the expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-κB inhibitory factor-α (IκBα) in hippocampus of rats.
Increased vulnerability for cognitive decline among adults with a history of early trauma and the mediating roles of IL-6 and depressive mood symptoms point to the potential value of interventions that address inflammation or depression, singly or together, to prevent cognitive decline in this at-risk population.
We also found that the SMDs of CRP and IL-6 from POCD patients were positively correlated with surgery type in the meta-regression (CRP: Coefficient = 1.555365, P = 0.001, 10 studies; IL-6: Coefficient = -0.6455521, P = 0.086, 16 studies).
There is an increased evidence of an association between inflammatory mediators, particularly serum IL-6, depression and cognitive impairment in the elderly.
Single studies suggest the role of CRP, interleukin(IL)-1 receptor antagonist, IL-6 and TNF-α with its receptors in the development of cognitive impairment in BD.
The purpose of this trial was to test whether an IL-6 receptor antibody, tocilizumab, would improve residual positive and negative symptoms and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
The increase of TNF-α and IL-6 expression might trigger the disruption of BBB in the brain, which eventually caused cognitive impairment in the 8-week STZ rats.
In addition, IL-1and TNF-α were downregulated, while IL-6 and SOD were upregulated in patients with cognitive dysfunction after treatment with DEX compared with those in the placebo group.
With this study, we sought to determine whether the interleukin-6-dependent modulation of the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer activator of transcription 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling network is also associated with the pharmacological activity of mountain-cultivated ginseng against trimethyltin-induced cognitive dysfunction.
<b>Methods:</b> We reviewed studies reporting peripheral IL-6 with future cognitive decline, up to February 2017 by searching the PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar databases.
As we reviewed, the IL-6 plays significant role in disease genesis and progression, so the use of specific inhibitors may not only be beneficial for exacerbation and alleviation of positive symptoms, but may attenuate cognitive impairment in patients with schizophrenia.
These findings suggest that AD is accompanied by a peripheral inflammatory response and that IL-6 may be a useful biological marker to correlate with the severity of cognitive impairment.
To examine the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP); the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE) risk score, and oxi-inflammatory load (cumulative risk score of three blood biomarkers-homocysteine, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein) for associations with cognitive decline using three cohort studies of very old adults and to examine whether incorporating these biomarkers with the risk scores can affect the association with cognitive decline.
These robust findings suggest that in regions with a high pathogen burden the need for a strong IL6 response is accompanied by cognitive deficits and reduced HDI ranking.