PD-L1 expression has been described as both a prognostic and predictive marker in many solid and hematologic neoplasms, as targeted therapies against the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have gained clinical importance.
Their success amongst hematologic malignancies, however, has been limited so far to the treatment of classic Hodgkin's lymphoma, which portrays a typical overexpression of PD-1 ligands (PD-L1, PD-L2) as a consequence of changes in chromosome 9p24.1.
Here, we review the preclinical and clinical advances of CTLA-4 and PD-L1/PD-1-based ICB and CD19-specific CAR-T cell therapy in hematologic malignancies.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (icis) such as inhibitors of ctla-4, PD-1, and PD-L1, given as monotherapy or combination therapy have emerged as effective treatment options for immune-sensitive solid tumours and hematologic malignancies.
Blockade of the immune cell checkpoint inhibitors programmed death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has become a powerful tool in cancer treatment, which is effective across various solid cancer types and hematologic malignancies.
Future studies will have to further delineate the prognostic/predictive role of PD-L1 expression as a biomarker in hematologic malignancies and may be able to identify confounding variables, which will hopefully to some extent be generalizable to other types of anti-tumor immunotherapies.
PD-L1 showed membrane staining of neoplastic mast cells (MCs) in 77% of systemic mastocytosis (SM) cases including 3 of 3 patients with MC leukemia, 2 of 2 with aggressive SM, 1 of 2 with smoldering SM, 3 of 4 with indolent SM, and 9 of 12 with SM with an associated hematologic neoplasm (SM component only).
Monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have gained increasing attention across many solid tumors and hematologic malignancies due to their efficacy and favorable toxicity profile.
Compared to solid tumors, the role of PD-L1 in hematological malignancies is less explored, and the knowledge in this area is mostly limited to lymphomas.
Antibodies that block the PD-1 coinhibitory receptor on T cells or its primary ligand, PD-L1, have demonstrated unprecedented efficacy across a diverse array of both solid and hematologic malignancies in the clinic.
Programmed cell death receptor 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in various tumors, including hematologic malignancies, has recently become a research topic of great interest.
The treatment of several solid and hematologic malignancies with immune checkpoint inhibitors (against programmed death receptor-1/ligand-1 [PD-1/PD-L1]) has dramatically changed the cancer treatment paradigm.
Monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints on T cells - CTLA-4 and PD-1 - and PD-L1 on the cells of immune microenvironment are now approved for clinical use in several solid tumors and hematological malignancies.
Immune checkpoint inhibition, in particular along the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/B7-H1 (PD-L1) axis, is an established strategy in solid tumors with potential as an adjunctive therapy in hematologic malignancies.