GCLM(-/-)/hSOD1<sup>WT</sup> mice developed overt motor symptoms (e.g. tremor, loss of extension reflex in hind-limbs, decreased grip strength and paralysis) characteristic of mice models over-expressing ALS-linked mutant hSOD1.
This study aims to investigate how the frequency settings of deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the subthalamic nucleus (STN) influence the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD).
By using the in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), which allows for the visualization of protein-protein interactions in tissues to detect dopamine transporter (DAT)/α-synuclein complexes, we previously described that these are markedly redistributed in the striatum of human α-synuclein transgenic mice at the phenotypic stage, showing dopamine (DA) release impairment without a DAT drop and motor symptoms.
Here, we retrospectively investigated the relationship between motor symptoms and the specific binding ratio (SBR) on DAT imaging in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).
The aim of this study was to investigate if plasma ASN level may be a valuable biomarker, is the level of plasma ASN concentration different in various motor subtypes of diseases, is there a relation between the level of plasma ASN and the severity of motor symptoms.
Given that bilateral STN DBS is at least as effective as bilateral GPi DBS in treating motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (as measured by improvements in UPDRS-III scores), consideration can be given to the selection of either target in patients undergoing surgery to treat motor symptoms.(Level I).
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of DBS on olfactory function in PD, as well as to explore the correlation between these changes and changes in motor symptoms and brain metabolism.
By using the in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), which allows for the visualization of protein-protein interactions in tissues to detect dopamine transporter (DAT)/α-synuclein complexes, we previously described that these are markedly redistributed in the striatum of human α-synuclein transgenic mice at the phenotypic stage, showing dopamine (DA) release impairment without a DAT drop and motor symptoms.
However, little is known about the initial effects of STN-DBS on nonmotor domains.Our objective was to elucidate the initial effects of STN-DBS on non-motor and motor symptoms in PD patients in a 4-month follow-up.This open prospective study followed 24 patients with PD who underwent STN-DBS.
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons, pathological accumulation of alpha-synuclein and motor symptoms, but also by non-motor symptoms.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of DBS on olfactory function in PD, as well as to explore the correlation between these changes and changes in motor symptoms and brain metabolism.
Many publications showing improvement in motor symptoms and quality of life have been presented while there is little comprehensive research evaluation of the impact of DBS on mental state and psychiatric side-effects.
In the present review, we discuss the role of these new and emerging DBS targets in treating refractory axial motor symptoms and other motor and nonmotor symptoms (NMS).
Many publications showing improvement in motor symptoms and quality of life have been presented while there is little comprehensive research evaluation of the impact of DBS on mental state and psychiatric side-effects.
A protein known as alpha-synuclein accumulates in brains of people with Parkinson's disease that is also present in the GI before the onset of motor symptoms.
Although there was a significant increase in plasma α-synuclein levels in PD patients with a higher Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage, there was no correlation with motor symptom severity, as assessed by Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III scores, after confounders (age, gender, and disease duration) were taken into account.
In the present review, we discuss the role of these new and emerging DBS targets in treating refractory axial motor symptoms and other motor and nonmotor symptoms (NMS).
Thus, alterations in body weight are present in ALS patients already decades before clinical manifestation of ALS, while weight loss precedes motor symptoms of several years and is associated with poor prognosis.
In the present study, we evaluated the roles of non-motor symptoms and signs and imaging biomarkers of nigral neuronal changes and α-synuclein accumulation in the colon.
Our results from the SOD1 model suggest that dendritic and dendritic spine changes foreshadow and underpin the neuromotor phenotypes present in ALS and may contribute to the varied cognitive, executive function and extra-motor symptoms commonly seen in ALS patients.