A multivariate Cox regression model indicated that compared to low levels of physical activity, medium-to-high levels of physical activity were associated with a reduced risk of dementia (hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval = 0.62, 0.44-0.89) after adjusting for age, sex, years of education, apolipoprotein E ɛ4, and other confounders.
To detect how APOE ε4 affects CSF YKL-40 levels in cognitively normal (CN) states, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD dementia, data from 35 CN subjects, 63 patients with MCI, and 11 patients with AD from a cross-sectional study in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database were investigated.
However, participants speaking four or more languages (but not two or three) were significantly less likely to develop dementia than monolinguals (OR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.65, adjusted for age, apolipoprotein E, and transition period).
However, to date, only two genes have been consistently associated with longevity in humans: APOE and FOXO3; with the APOE ɛ2 allele also protective against dementia.
Brain volume differences, neuropsychological trajectory, and progression to dementia were compared, controlling for age, gender, education, and apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4).
In addition, higher age (hazard ratio 1.1 [95% confidence interval 1.1-1.1]), lower Mini-Mental State Examination (0.7 [0.66-0.8]), and apolipoprotein E ε4 (1.8 [1.3-2.5]) increased the risk of dementia.
Independent cross-sectional analyses were conducted from April 22, 2016, to August 27, 2018, for each biomarker modality with an analysis of variance or analysis of covariance including age, sex, educational level, race, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele status, and clinical status (normal cognition or dementia).
APOE alleles had a different impact: ε4 did not predictdementia, but it did predict all AD- or amyloid-related pathologies; ε2 predicted dementia, but it was protective against amyloid and neuropathological AD; and ε3ε3 was protective against dementia, neurofibrillary tangles, and CAA.
APOE ε4 carriers and/or people with multiple comorbid health conditions were at increased risk of dementia and death, highlighting the need for good health care.
Using a community sample of 1205 elderly persons, we investigated the associations and potential interactions between Apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE)</i> genotype and serum phosphatidylethanolamine (PlsEtn) on cognition and dementia.
Although the ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been linked to cognitive dysfunction and dementia risk, it is unknown whether they interact to predict cognitive dysfunction.
The ε4 allele of APOE is a well-established genetic risk factor for cognitive aging and dementia, but its influence on early life cognition is unknown.
As rs405509 or rs440446 has been associated with nonpathological cognitive aging in this and other cohorts independent of the APOE major isoforms, these findings lend credence that APOE locus may be linked with dementia risk and nonpathological cognitive aging via separate mechanisms.
We estimated the age-specific duration of the preclinical, prodromal, and dementia stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the influence of sex, setting, apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, and cerebrospinal fluid tau on disease duration.
We investigated associations of APOE status with arteriolosclerosis, macroinfarcts and microinfarcts, and atherosclerosis in 1383 adults (65.9-108.2 years at death) with and without dementia.