PON1 has been associated with diseases caused by high oxidative stress, whereas BuChE appears to be involved in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome and related disorders.
AChE activity was associated with BP status and SBP, whereas BChE activity was associated with features of the metabolic syndrome (especially body weight and BMI).
High values of BChE activities were associated with insulin resistance only in CHE2 C5- diabetic patients, while in CHE2 C5+ diabetic patients, the presence of C(5) complex, especially in a relatively high proportion, leads to less fat storage and better protection against metabolic syndrome.
These butyrylcholinesterase activities do not behave as independent risk factors for metabolic syndrome, but can be considered as secondary markers for this syndrome in obese individuals with the CHE2 C5- phenotype.