Our results indicate that ERα, FOXA1 and GATA3 contribute to the regulation of breast cancer susceptibility genes, which is consistent with the effects of anti-oestrogen treatment in breast cancer prevention, and suggest that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 signalling has an important role in mediating breast cancer risk.
Through this study, we identified possible GATA3-correlated genes and core pathways that play an important role, which requires further investigation in breast cancer.
Although GATA3 levels remained unaltered between primary breast cancer and pleural metastases, FOXA1 levels were reduced exclusively in metastases of patients who received endocrine therapies in the adjuvant setting, even though ERα was still expressed.
The genes that are potentially regulated by miR-206 in the mammary epithelium and/or mesenchyme, such as Tachykinin1 and Gata3, are known to be breast cancer markers.
Association of GATA3 expression with clinicopathological parameters, molecular subtypes of tumors, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for breast carcinoma patients were evaluated in this study.
Here, we demonstrate that GATA3 reduces the ATP level in the breast cancer microenvironment and inhibits breast cancer metastasis by up-regulating ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 (ENTPD3).
GATA3 has been reported as a specific urothelial marker among organs in the pelvic region, and has been classified as highly sensitive and specific for urothelial and breast carcinomas.
Spread of poorly cohesive tumor cells in the gastric mucosa observed upon hematoxylin and eosin stain resembled signet ring cell carcinoma, but diffuse positive staining for GATA3 in immunohistochemical stain allowed for a conclusive diagnosis of breast cancer metastasizing to the stomach.
We propose the careful selection of GATA3 for identifying hormone receptor negativity of breast cancer, especially in the case of triple-negative breast cancer.
Even though GATA3 expression has been reported in many benign and malignant adnexal tumors (mostly of sebaceous, follicular, and apocrine differentiation), as well as in many other neoplasms, GATA3 staining to differentiate PCACC from skin breast cancer metastasis has a high negative predictive value.
Furthermore, expression of GATA3 and MUC1 genes was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry on breast cancer-specific tissue microarrays.
In summary, data from two independent study populations showed two intronic variants in GATA3 associated with overall decreases in breast cancer risk and suggested heterogeneity of these associations by ER status.
Our results highlight the role of estrogen-signaling pathways (mainly CYP19/aromatase, GATA3, and ER-beta) in the risk of locoregional recurrence of breast cancer in young women.
Depletion of SCAI reduces both the accumulation of HDR factors, including BRCA1 (breast cancer susceptibility gene 1), at damage sites and the efficiency of HDR, as detected by a reporter assay system.
Kaplan-Meier survival analyses showed that ER+/progesterone receptor (PgR)+ and lower grade BC patients with relatively high GATA3 had better clinical overall survival (OS).
We did not find any GATA3 or AR expression in the metastases from endometrial or salivary gland carcinomas, while GATA3 expression was seen in the majority of metastases from urothelial or breast carcinomas.
TTF-1 and napsin A for lung adenocarcinoma, p40 for squamous lung cancer, GATA3 and mammaglobin for breast cancer, or synaptophysin and chromogranin A for neuroendocrine tumors).
Mechanistically, LSD1 interacts with GATA3, a key luminal-specific transcription factor (TF), and their common target genes are highly related to breast cancer.
By transcriptional profiling, MBCs and the recently identified claudin-low breast cancer subset constitute related receptor-negative subgroups characterized by low expression of GATA3-regulated genes and of genes responsible for cell-cell adhesion with enrichment for markers linked to stem cell function and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
Clinicopathological characterization of CK7 negative breast cancer has not been addressed previously and similar studies on GATA3 negative tumors are limited.