Using the random-effect model, we assessed the comparative efficacy of ICIs over chemotherapy according to age, gender, smoking history, PD-L1 status and CNS involvement.
Notably, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors cannot prolong both OS (HR, 0.76; P = .390) and PFS (HR, 0.74; P = .210) in patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastasis, whereas patients without CNS metastasis could benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapy on OS (HR, 0.71; P < .001).