Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is the result of a deficiency of arginine vasopressin, and its major causes are idiopathic, primary or secondary tumors, neurosurgery and trauma.
Central diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare disease characterized by the excretion of excessive volumes of dilute urine due to reduced levels of the antidiuretic hormonearginine vasopressin (AVP), caused by an acquired or genetic defect in the neurohypophysis.
Copeptin identified CDI with an AUC of 0.99 (95% CI 0.97-1.00), and a cut-off value ≤ 4.4pmol/L showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99% to predict CDI.
A marked copeptin peak was identified at 1 hour after extubation, when a value below or equal to 12.8 pmol/L had a good accuracy in identifying CDI cases (AUC 0.866, 95% CI 0.751 - 0.941).
Antibodies to vasopressin were not detected in patients with primary polydipsia, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, or neurogenic diabetes insipidus studied before therapy with antidiuretic hormone.
As in previously studied patients, adFNDI apparently manifested after birth, was due to a partial or severe deficiency of AVP, and was associated with absence or diminution of the hyperintense MRI signal normally emitted by the posterior pituitary, and with a heterozygous mutation in the AVP-NPII gene.
As in previously studied patients, adFNDI apparently manifested after birth, was due to a partial or severe deficiency of AVP, and was associated with absence or diminution of the hyperintense MRI signal normally emitted by the posterior pituitary, and with a heterozygous mutation in the AVP-NPII gene.