We focus on the recent discovery of mutations in ABCG2 causing hyperuricemia and gout, which has led to the identification of urate as a physiological substrate for ABCG2.
We found that the HPRT(Tsou) gene variant is partially responsible for the hyperuricemia in an aboriginal population in Taiwan known for a high incidence of gout.
It is helpful for diagnosis of LND that sequencing analysis of HPRT1 gene is performed in male infant and juvenile with hyperuricaemia and neurologic dysfunction in Chinese.
The present results suggest that common dysfunctional variants of ABCG2 decrease extra-renal urate excretion including gut excretion and cause hyperuricemia.
The multidrug ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, 2 (ABCG2) transporter was recently identified as an important human urate transporter, and a common mutation, a Gln to Lys substitution at position 141 (Q141K), was shown to cause hyperuricemia and gout.
To find candidate mutations in ABCG2, we performed a mutation analysis of the ABCG2 gene in 90 Japanese patients with hyperuricemia and found six non-synonymous mutations.
In humans, mutations in the gene encoding the purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) are associated with a spectrum of disease that ranges from hyperuricemia alone to hyperuricemia with profound neurological and behavioral dysfunction.
A deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase(HGPRT) is associated with a varying clinical picture which may include hyperuricaemia, neurological abnormalities and bizarre self-mutilating behaviour.
Two important pathways determining hyperuricemia have been confirmed (renal and gut excretion of uric acid with glycolysis now firmly implicated).Major urate loci are SLC2A9 and ABCG2.
Mutations in the gene encoding hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) cause Lesch-Nyhan disease, which is characterized by hyperuricemia, severe motor disability, and self-injurious behavior.
Previous genome-wide association studies have found that the ABCG2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2231142 is an important genetic factor for increased uric acid (UA) levels, and the degree of association between rs2231142 and hyperuricemia is affected by both sex and ethnicity.
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) is a urate transporter, and common dysfunctional variants of ABCG2, non-functional Q126X (rs72552713) and semi-functional Q141K (rs2231142), are risk factors for hyperuricemia and gout.
Mutation of hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gives rise to Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, which is characterized by hyperuricemia, severe motor disability, and self-injurious behavior, or HPRT-related gout with hyperuricemia.
Here, we set to investigate whether the exon 9 of SLC2A9 gene variations is associated with HUA complicated with Type 2 DM (T2DM) in the Chinese male Han population.
Up to 25-30% of HPRT deficient patients, indicated as neurological variants or HPRT-related hyperuricemia with neurological dysfunction (HRND), may develop neurological manifestation, from mild to severe; the most serious ones manifesting in the devastating Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, characterized by choreoathetosis or self-mutilation.
Autosomal-dominant medullary cystic kidney disease type 2 (MCKD2) and familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN) are heritable renal diseases with autosomal-dominant transmission and shared features, including polyuria, progressive renal failure, and abnormal urate handling, which leads to hyperuricemia and gout.