This is the first study on the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in macrophage polarization during early pregnancy; such exploration enhances our understanding of the physiology of early pregnancy.
Also through antibody blocking assay to block PD-1 on lymphocytes of normal early pregnancy in vitro further testify the relationship between PD-1/PD-L1 and Treg cells, the results were analyzed by flow cytometry.