Although BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations account for only ∼27% of the familial aggregation of ovarian cancer (OvC), no OvC risk prediction model currently exists that considers the effects of BRCA1, BRCA2 and other familial factors.
The spectrum of germline mutations among Jewish non Ashkenazi high risk breast/ovarian cancer families includes a few predominant mutations in BRCA1 (185delAG and Tyr978X) and BRCA2 (8765delAG).
The TOV-21G, TOV-81D, OV-90, and TOV-112D cell lines were derived from ovarian tumors (TOV) or ascites (OV) from chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-naive patients and were characterized by their mutation spectrum of BRCA2, TGFbeta-RII, KRAS2, TP53, and CDKN2A.
None of the variants was significantly associated with breast or ovarian cancer risk in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers, after multiple testing adjustments.
The breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 are responsible for a large proportion of familial breast and ovarian cancer, yet little is known of how disruptions in the functions of the proteins these genes encode increased cancer risk preferentially in hormone-dependent tissue.
Among carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, the cumulative lifetime risk of developing breast cancer is 50-60% and the equivalent risk of ovarian cancer is 20-40%.
Women who carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation face a risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer at an earlier age than women without such a mutation.
Potential publication biases were assessed by Begg and Egger tests.In the overall analysis, the results showed a significant association between BRCA2 codon 372 polymorphism and increased risk of ovarian cancer (HH versus NN: odds ratio (OR) = 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.48, P = 0.037).
Genetic counseling for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations (mutations associated with increased risk of breast-ovarian cancer) endeavors to communicate information that will help individuals make informed decisions regarding genetic testing.
The breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 has been cloned and a second susceptibility gene, BRCA2, chromosomally mapped; will most breast and ovarian cancer turn out to be familial?
The minor allele of CASP8 D302H was significantly associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer (per-allele HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.97; P(trend) = 0.011) and ovarian cancer (per-allele HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.53-0.89; P(trend) = 0.004) for BRCA1 but not for BRCA2 mutation carriers.
Bilateral prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy (BPSO) is used widely used to reduce the risk of breast and ovarian cancer in women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
This report presents data from 40 women with a personal history of breast and/or ovarian cancer who were considering genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 and their spouses.
The tumors of 92 unrelated women with "ovarian" cancer (i.e., ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer) were screened for BRCA2 null mutations using a protein truncation test.