During pregnancy, the absence of the NEP protein induces an alloimmunisation process against NEP presented by fetal cells, including syncytiotrophoblasts.
During pregnancy, the absence of the NEP protein induces an alloimmunisation process against NEP presented by fetal cells, including syncytiotrophoblasts.
The D antigen includes category D, partial D, and weak D types, which are important because anti-D alloimmunization can occur in some but not all persons that express a variant RHD allele.
Transfusion-induced alloimmunization against human platelet antigen-15 (HPA-15) has been reported to be about as common as against HPA-5, the second most common platelet antibody.
These findings suggest that SCD patients who are candidates for chronic transfusion may benefit from genotyping for DIIIa and DAR to prevent alloimmunization.
These findings suggest that SCD patients who are candidates for chronic transfusion may benefit from genotyping for DIIIa and DAR to prevent alloimmunization.
In sum, homozygous β(S) expression and the ensuing disease state are not alone sufficient to enhance RBC alloimmunization to transfused HOD RBCs in two distinct humanized murine models of sickle cell disease under the conditions examined.
In sum, homozygous β(S) expression and the ensuing disease state are not alone sufficient to enhance RBC alloimmunization to transfused HOD RBCs in two distinct humanized murine models of sickle cell disease under the conditions examined.
Because of the high risk of alloimmunization of these patients and the labor-intensive nature of adsorption techniques, we decided to evaluate the feasibility of selecting antigen-matched units on the basis of RBC genotyping.
Frequencies of HLA-DRB1 alleles in individuals with antibodies against clinically relevant antigens were compared to a large population cohort to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for alloimmunization to different RBC antigens.
If 'passenger lymphocyte syndrome' (PLS) is a well-recognized complication in ABO-mismatched solid organ transplantation, the coexistence of this reaction with recipient's alloimmunization against multiple antigens expressed on the residual red blood cells in the graft is less common and unpredictable.
As a consequence of the homology and opposite orientation of RHD and RHCE, numerous gene rearrangements have occurred in Africans and resulted in altered RH alleles that predict partial antigens, contributing to the high rate of Rh alloimmunisation among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD).
However, although distinct alloantigens reside on the RBC surface at different levels, most alloantigens also represent completely different structures, making it difficult to separate the potential impact of differences in Ag density from other alloantigen features that may also influence RBCalloimmunization.
These findings raise the possibility that patients with IFN-α/β-mediated conditions, including autoimmunity and viral infections, may have an increased risk of RBCalloimmunization and may benefit from personalized transfusion protocols and/or targeted therapies.