Taken together, these results demonstrate that abundant M-MDSC are present in both periphery and ascites of OC patients whose accumulation and suppressive activity is critically attributable to ascites-derived IL-6 and IL-10 and their downstream STAT3 signal, thus providing a potentially novel therapeutic option by locally targeting MDSC to improve antitumor efficacy.
Unlike IL-10, PGE2 is absent from peritoneal fluid of patients with benign conditions and selectively reduces TNFα induction in response to TLR-mediated activation in the presence of OC-associated ascites.
MYXV also affected OC patient ascites-associated CD14<sup>+</sup> myeloid cells, one of the most abundant immunological components of the OC tumor environment; without causing cell death, MYXV infection reduces the ability of these cells to secrete cytokines such as IL-10 that are signatures of the immunosuppressive tumor environment.
We show that ovarian cancer type II Mo-DCs are able to prevent an immune response by release of IL-10, whereas OC type I Mo-DCs can promote the generation of Tregs.
Chronic stress promoted the growth of ovarian carcinoma via increasing serum levels of norepinephrine and interleukin-10 and altering nm23 and NDRG1 expression in tumor tissues in nude mice.
Our results show that i) aPC induced the secretion of several cytokines in Ovcar-3 cells; ii) 61% of patients exhibited a concentration of plasma sEPCR well above the baseline (normal plasma level, 100 ± 28 ng/ml); iii) comparing immune cell phenotypes in patients having a normal level of sEPCR with those having a high level of sEPCR, it was found that sEPCR levels were correlated with high intensity of cells expressing CD45ra, CD3, CD8, CD25 and low intensity of cells expressing CD56 (NK cells), CD294 (TH2 cells), IL-2, IL-10, IL-17a (TH17 cells), IL-21 (TH21 cells) and CD29 markers (r ≥ 0.60); and iv) high levels of sEPCR correlate with high levels of plasma bioactive proteins such as insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGFII), IL-13rα, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP1α) and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) that have already been proposed as biomarkers for ovarian cancer and particularly those with poor prognosis.
In a prospective, case-control study 147 patients with OC and 129 patients without history of any malignancy (CG) were genotyped for IL-1 gene (IL-1alpha -889 T/C and IL-1beta -511 C/T) and IL-10 gene (IL-10 -1082 G/A, -819 C/T and -592 C/A) using pyrosequencing.
Overall, this study does not support an association of selected IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, or IL-18 polymorphisms with the risk for ovarian cancer.