Heterogeneity of p16 immunohistochemistry and increased sensitivity of RNA in situ hybridization in cytology specimens of HPV-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
We summarize current biomarkers in order of clinical utility; p16 and human papillomavirus status remain the most important and validated biomarkers in HNSCC.
Cyfra21-1 assay showed significant differences between tumors of different sites with prominent elevation being found in oropharyngeal carcinomas and between patients with p16 positive and p16 negative HNSCC (p=0.0242), being elevated in p16 positive tumors.
In the clinical samples of HNSCC, high expression of TrkA and panTrk were more associated with oropharyngeal and p16 positive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
We thus retrospectively determined the Ki-67 proliferation index and p16 expression status to assess the associations of these parameters with treatment outcomes of patients with unknown primary head and neck SCC.
Samples from 27 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded HNSCC cases from the Emory University Hospital archives were stained using 18 individual RNA ISH probes for high-risk HPV (RNAscope 2.5 LS Probe ) on a Leica autostainer (Buffalo Grove, IL) and were compared with p16 IHC.
The current study aimed to examine the association between head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and infection with different human papillomavirus virus (HPV) subtypes, including analysis of promoter methylation of several genes (APC, CDKN2A, MGMT, CDH1 and TIMP3) and the correlation with their mRNA expression in tumours and surgical margins.
In multivariable analysis, aUPD at the CDKN2A region was a significant predictor of overall survival in the whole cohort and in patients with HPV-negative HNSCC. aUPD at specific regions in the genome influences clinical outcomes of HNSCC and may be beneficial for selection of personalized therapy to prolong survival in patients with this disease.
The loss of p16 is a signature event in Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) that leads to increased Cyclin Dependent Kinase 4/6 (CDK) signaling.
The impact of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and p16 status in HNSCC is unclear and may vary according to ethnicity.
Using the US Veterans Affairs database, we analyzed 1448 patients with locoregionally advanced HNSCC and known p16 status diagnosed between 2005 and 2015 and treated with surgery, radiotherapy, or chemoradiotherapy.
RB1 alterations may have important prognostic implications, particularly in the context of high p16 expression, in both HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC.
Significant differences were found in IGF-1 serum concentrations between patients with p16 positive and p16 negative HNSCC (p=0.0062), with higher IGF-1 levels in p16 positive tumors, between low-grade and high-grade cancers (p=0.0323) only in larynx, with elevated IGF-1 concentrations associated with high-grade and between recurrent and non-recurrent HNSCC (p=0.0354), with lower IGF-1 levels in recurrent tumors.
Whilst a combination of PCR-based DNA detection and p16 IHC is useful, the latter has excellent specificity, acceptable sensitivity and good predictive value for carriage of HPV in this population and should be used for prognostic evaluation and treatment planning of all HNSCC patients in South Asia, as in the Western world.
To retrospectively review post-treatment (post-tx) FDG-PET/CT scans in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and known p16 status, treated with definitive (chemo)radiation (RT).