Furthermore, correlations between levels of these cytokines and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in ductal carcinoma were determined.
The clinical value of PETFS method was further validated by their successful application as controls for the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and C-erbB-2 in 240 breast invasive ductal carcinomas.
The clinical value of PETFS method was further validated by their successful application as controls for the expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and C-erbB-2 in 240 breast invasive ductal carcinomas.
Furthermore, correlations between levels of these cytokines and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in ductal carcinoma were determined.
Patients enrolled were at premenopausal status and characterized by human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, hormone-receptor positive (estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-positive [ER/PR+]) or triple-negative (TNBC), LABC (T > 3 cm), with high-grade ductal carcinoma.
Other characteristics, less strongly associated with HER2-positive status, showed either no annual variation (nodal and metastatic status, tumour size) or an annual positive trend (mean age, lobular carcinomas) or an annual negative trend (ductal carcinomas).
When non-metastatic NEBC were compared to a prospective set of ductal carcinomas (n = 506), NEBC were more often HER2 negative (p = 0.046), ER positive (p = 0.0062) and the NEBC patients were older (p < 0.0005) than patients with ductal carcinomas.
We collected HER2 IHC 2+ cases and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) data from primary breast cancers with well-differentiated tumour types (grade 1 ductal carcinomas, classic lobular carcinomas, tubular, cribriform and pure mucinous carcinomas) at our centre from 2010 to 2015.
Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in the subjects with ductal carcinoma than in the controls, and strongly correlated with clinical tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and ER and HER2 antigen expression (p < 0.05).
When non-metastatic NEBC were compared to a prospective set of ductal carcinomas (n = 506), NEBC were more often HER2 negative (p = 0.046), ER positive (p = 0.0062) and the NEBC patients were older (p < 0.0005) than patients with ductal carcinomas.
Although molecular data suggest that atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are related lesions, albeit with vastly different clinical implications, the role of HER2/neu expression in atypical ductal hyperplasia is not well defined either.
One patient (1 %) achieved a complete response (CR); eight (9 %), a partial response (PR) (includes breast (n = 7, one of which was HER2 2+ by IHC) and salivary ductal carcinoma (n = 1); and 14 (15 %), stable disease (SD) ≥6 months (total SD ≥ 6 months/PR/CR =23 (25 %).
As proof-of-concept we then applied the CLS test to two new cases of invasive synchronous bilateral breast cancer at our institution, each with one hormone receptor positive (ER+/PR+/HER2-) lobular and one triple negative ductal carcinoma.
The elevated calcium levels clinically observed in adenocarcinomas may explain calmodulin's involvement in recruiting and stimulating PI3Kα through interaction with its n/cSH2 domains as well as K-Ras4B; importantly, it also explains why K-Ras4B specifically is a key player in ductal carcinomas, such as pancreatic (PDAC), colorectal (CRC), and lung cancers.
Short telomere lengths have been previously associated with triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her2)--positive ductal carcinomas.
Among invasive ductal carcinomas, 29% (115/390) showed chromosome 17 aneuploidy, mostly associated with grade 3/HER2 2+ (45%) or grade 2/HER2 3+ (55%) that were not amplified.
In order to improve understanding of the role of PTEN in mammary tumorigenesis in terms of a possible gene dosage effect, its PI3K pathway function and its association with p53, we undertook comprehensive analysis of PTEN status in 135 sporadic invasive ductal carcinomas.
Histopathological analysis showed that the invasive primary tumor from which the MACL-1 cell line was derived, was a luminal A subtype carcinoma, while the ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) that gave rise to the MGSO-3 cell line was a HER2 subtype tumor, both showing different proliferation levels.
Tumours in the GHR group were significantly more often ductal carcinomas (93%), grade 3 (60%), oestrogen and progesterone-negative, Her2 positive (25%).
The rate of PIK3CA mutations in this series of micropapillary carcinomas is similar to invasive ductal carcinomas; however, there may be an enrichment of AKT1 mutations (10%).
Normal BAFs were cultured from women undergoing breast reduction surgery, while breast cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were isolated from three women with estrogen receptor (ER) positive invasive ductal carcinomas.