Compared to HC, all MDD exhibited a stronger positive association between CRP and coupling between activity in striatum and inferred food pleasantness.
The present findings suggest that major depression is frequent in SZ patients and that increased CRP levels are associated with non-remission under antidepressants in this population.
This study aimed to examine the serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in MDD patients to find out their association with depression.
While cross-sectional associations of inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein with major depressive disorder are well established, evidence for longitudinal associations mostly comes from studies on depression symptoms, not diagnoses.
Blood serum concentration of several products known to be synthesized by activated microglia (and to some extent astroglia) [prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>), prostaglandin F<sub>2</sub> alpha (PGF<sub>2α</sub>), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF<sub>α</sub>)], controlled by an index of peripheral inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP)] and TSPO V<sub>T</sub> were measured in 3 cohorts: prefrontal cortex TSPO V<sub>T</sub> of 20 subjects with major depressive episodes (MDEs) from major depressive disorder (MDD); and 56 subjects with treatment resistant MDEs from MDD; and dorsal caudate TSPO V<sub>T</sub> of 20 subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Here, we assessed the differences in serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with MDD and BD.
<b>Results:</b> Collectively, the literature and original data showed that: 1) raised serum levels of pro-inflammatory compounds (in particular of CRP/IL-6) characterize an inflammatory form of MDD with poor responsiveness to predominately serotonergic agents, but a better responsiveness to antidepressant regimens with a) (add-on) noradrenergic, dopaminergic, or glutamatergic action or b) (add-on) anti-inflammatory agents such as infliximab, minocycline, or eicosapentaenoic acid, showing-next to anti-inflammatory-dopaminergic or lipid corrective action; 2) these successful anti-inflammatory (add-on) agents, when used in patients with low serum levels of CRP/IL-6, decreased response rates in comparison to placebo.
Baseline serum CRP levels may predict antidepressant treatment responses in patients with MDD and patients with higher levels of CRP were less likely to get remission.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex, high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, BMI ≥30kg/m², age ≥50 years, sleep duration <6.5 hours, C-reactive protein ≥4.5mg/L, Beck Depression Inventory >12, and apnea-hypopnea index ≥5/h were significant risk factors of type 2 diabetes in major depression.
Accumulating evidence has confirmed the association between chronic inflammation and MDD, which is manifested by increased levels of the C-reactive protein, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as Interleukin 1 beta, Interleukin 6, and the Tumor necrosis factor alpha.
The main objective of the current study was to understand how CRP was related to trauma, dissociation, PTSD and MDD in a sample of 55 traumatized African American women with type 2 diabetes mellitus recruited from an urban hospital.
C-reactive protein, diet quality and physical activity did not mediate the effect of obesity on major depressive disorder, and C-reactive protein mediated about 25% of the effect of major depressive disorder on adiposity.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between quality of life (QoL) (physical and mental health, assessed by the SF-36) and chronic inflammation assessed using C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with current major depressive disorder.
The CRP locus (rs3093077) showed a similar level of evidence for interaction in the meta-analysis (RD=0.092, SE=0.029, p=0.002), but less compelling evidence in the replication sample alone (recurrent MDD q=0.198; all MDD q=0.126).
Prior studies suggest that the inflammatory biomarker c-reactive protein (CRP) holds promise for predicting antidepressant response in patients with major depressive disorder.
Furthermore, MDD patients showed higher levels of IL-6 and a trend for higher CRP levels, which were also associated with similar alterations in the serum N-glycan profile as those characteristic for MDD patients.
Key messages An increasing OR for MDD was demonstrated with regard to health status such as CVD, chronic respiratory tract disease, arthritis, thyroid problems, lower eGFR, fair or poor self-rated health condition, and elevated CRP level.
CRP appears to be a peripheral biomarker that reflects peripheral and central inflammation and seems well-suited for guiding immunotherapies targeting TNF and IL-6 in patients with MDD.
This study examined circulating concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma tryptophan, kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) and whole blood mRNA expression of IDO in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared with healthy controls (HC).