In an effort to elucidate the CaSR's skeletal role, bone tissue and material characteristics from patients with autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH), a genetic form of primary hypoparathyroidism caused by CASR gain-of-function mutations, were compared to patients with postsurgical hypoparathyroidism (PSH).
An analysis of CaSR mutations identified in >300 hypercalcaemic and hypocalcaemic probands revealed five 'disease-switch' residues (Gln27, Asn178, Ser657, Ser820 and Thr828) that are affected by FHH and ADH mutations.
The human calcium-sensing receptor (<i>CASR</i>) is the key controller of extracellular Ca<sub>o</sub><sup>2+</sup> homeostasis, and different mutations in the <i>CASR</i> gene have been linked to different calcium diseases, such as familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, severe hyperparathyroidism, autosomal-dominant hypocalcemia (ADH), and Bartter's syndrome type V. In this study, two generations of a family with biochemically and clinically confirmed ADH who suffered severe muscle pain, arthralgia, tetany, abdominal pain, and fatigue were evaluated for mutations in the <i>CASR</i> gene.
Thus, studies of FHH- and ADH-associated mutations have revealed novel steps by which CASR mediates signalling and compartmental bias, and these pathways could provide new targets for therapies for patients with calcaemic disorders.
Genetic analysis of the CaSR gene was performed in a patient who presented in the neonatal period with hypocalcemic seizures and biochemical features of ADH.
However, CASR mutations are only detected in ≤70% of FHH and ADH cases, referred to as FHH type 1 and ADH type 1, respectively, and studies in other FHH and ADH kindreds have revealed these disorders to be genetically heterogeneous.
Autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia (ADH) is caused by activating mutations in the calcium sensing receptor gene (CaR) and characterised by mostly asymptomatic mild to moderate hypocalcaemia with low, inappropriately serum concentration of PTH.
We then selected two activating mutations locating in the extracellular (C129S) and transmembrane (A843E) domains, and generated two strains of CaSR knock-in mice to build an ADH mouse model.
Autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia (ADH) is caused by activating variants in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene, but detailed information on the paediatric phenotype is limited.
Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) types 1 and 2 are due to calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) and G-protein subunit-α11 (GNA11) gain-of-function mutations, respectively, whereas CASR and GNA11 loss-of-function mutations result in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) types 1 and 2, respectively.
The calcilytics ATF936 and AXT914 are capable of attenuating enhanced cytosolic calcium signalling activity of CaSR mutations causing BS type 5 and ADH.
Autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH) is a congenital isolated hypoparathyroidism caused by activating mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene.
Most cases of autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism (ADH) are caused by gain-of-function mutations in CASR or dominant inhibitor mutations in GCM2 or PTH.
The aims of the present study were the functional characterization of novel mutations of the CaSR found in patients, the comparison of in vitro receptor function with clinical parameters, and the effect of the allosteric calcilytic NPS-2143 on the signaling of mutant receptors as a potential new treatment for ADH patients.
Activating mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene are well-known causes of familial isolated hypoparathyroidism, also known as autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH).
These findings confirm that Bartter syndrome is typically associated with ADH provided that the underlying mutation of CaSR is able to produce a conspicuous gain of function.
The gain of function mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor are associated with autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia (ADH), a disease characterised by a generally asymptomatic hypocalcaemia, inappropriately high urinary calcium excretion and normal PTH levels.
Calcium-sensing receptor gene (CASR) mutations that alter the function of the G protein coupled Ca (2+)-sensing receptor are reported in patients with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH), autosomal dominant hypocalcemia (ADH), and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT).