No study has yet examined the associations among, and prognostic implications of, EBV infection, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and microvessel density (MVD) in cHL patients.
However, no study has examined the relationship or prognostic implication of PD-L1, PD-L2, PD-1, VEGF expression, and microvessel density (MVD) in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients.
In this study, we examined the prognostic relevance of TAMs in relation to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and angiogenesis in uniformly treated cases of cHL.
Twelve cytokines (EGF, bFGF, G-CSF, HGF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-2R, IP-10, MIG, TNF-α, and VEGF) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in patients with cHL than controls; elevated levels of HGF, IL-6, IL-2R, IP-10, and MIG were all associated with poorer EFS.