For the SRS, higher concentrations of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were associated with fewer ASD symptoms (B = - 0.18; 95% CI = - 0.35, - 0.01), but only after removal of outliers.
We found a moderate decrease in plasma levels of IL-10 (SMD = -0.59) and a small decrease in serum levels of IL-1Ra (SMD = -0.25) in patients with ASD.
Our previous research has shown that purified peripheral blood monocytes (PRMo) from individuals who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and have innate immune abnormalities reveal altered interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß)/IL-10 ratios.
These findings are in line with other observations of decreased regulatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor beta and IL-10 in ASD, and associations with severity of behaviors.
The IL-1β/IL-10 based subgrouping (low, normal, and high) of ASD samples revealed marked differences in microRNA expression, and mitochondrial respiration.
This study examined whether changes in miRNA expression by PBMo are associated with changes in IL-1ß/IL-10 ratios and how such changes are associated with ASD clinical features.
As compared to the control, the levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-6 were significantly increased (<i>P</i><0.05), and the levels of IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β were significantly decreased (<i>P</i> <0.05) in the offspring of ASD rats; whereas those cytokines were significantly reversed after prenatal exposure to TAK242 (<i>P</i><0.05).