The role of conjunctival epithelial cell xanthine oxidoreductase/xanthine oxidase in oxidative reactions on the ocular surface of dry eye patients with Sjögren's syndrome.
<b>Methods:</b><i>In situ</i> expression of ERdj5 and XBP1 activation were studied immunohistochemically in minor SG tissues from primary SS patients and non-SS sicca-complaining controls.
The Foxp3 expression was similar in ATL and HAMSS, but significantly higher in HAM-SS than AC-SS (p<0.05). p65 was expressed in LSG MNC nuclei from all SS patients and co-expressed with Foxp3.
Studies with SjS-prone C57BL/6.NOD-Aec1Aec2 mice showed altered glandular homeostasis in the submandibular glands (SMX) at 8 weeks before disease onset and suggested the potential involvement of inflammatory caspases (caspase-11 and -1).
Our study shows that treatment with VIP in an SS mouse model could not only reduce the immune injury to exocrine glands but also improve the secretory function of these glands.
An enhanced angiogenesis in SS salivary gland biopsies was observed, associated with an increased VEGF-A expression and activation of VEGF-A/VEGFR2 signaling.
Our aim was to determine VDR gene BsmI, ApaI, TaqI, and FokI polymorphism genotypes in pSS patients and healthy controls to analyze whether a relationship exists between polymorphisms in the VDR gene and susceptibility to Sjögren's syndrome.
Although no association has been found with the NF-kB gene itself, associations in TNFAIP3 and TNIP1 (both genome-wide significant), VCAM1 and IRAK1BP (both suggestive), point to genetic explanations for dysregulation of the NF-kB pathway in SS.
Cytokine-mediated up-regulation of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 that facilitates the recruitment of VLA-4 and LFA-1 expressing T cells might contribute to lymphoid cell infiltration in the salivary and lacrimal glands in SS.
Firstly, the chronic GVHD (cGVHD) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS)-impaired lacrimal gland (LG) tissue sections from humans for diagnostic purpose were evaluated for VAMP8 expression by histopathology and immunohistochemistry.
Among the samples from the non-Sjögren syndrome group, immunostaining revealed that p63 was expressed in 1-3 acinar cells in each acinar unit and continuously in the basal layer of duct cells.
Moreover certain autoantibodies, cytokines and specific TAP alleles correlate with clinical manifestations of SS, and may enable better prediction and/or directed therapy once confirmed in future studies.
The results suggest that while anti-NOR 90 antibodies are rare, they are associated with Sjögren's syndrome in Japanese patients, and that autoimmunity is targeted toward at least 2 separate regions (amino acids 89-310 and 310-633) of the hUBF polypeptide.
The current studies utilized the Interleukin 14 alpha transgenic mouse model (IL14aTG) for SS to investigate the roles of marginal zone B cells (MZB) of the innate immune system in the pathophysiology of the disease.