We confirmed the association at 4q25 (PITX2) (OR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.13-1.81, p = 0.029) and 16q22 (ZFHX3) (OR 1.62; 95% CI, 1.26-2.07, p = 0.001) as risk loci for CE.
Our results also supported robust associations with ischaemic stroke for four other loci that have been reported in previous studies, including PITX2 (first stage OR 1·39, 1·29-1·49, p=3·26 × 10<sup>-19</sup>; joint OR 1·37, 1·30-1·45, p=2·79 × 10<sup>-32</sup>) and ZFHX3 (first stage OR 1·19, 1·11-1·27, p=2·93 × 10<sup>-7</sup>; joint OR 1·17, 1·11-1·23, p=2·29 × 10<sup>-10</sup>) for cardioembolic stroke, and HDAC9 (first stage OR 1·29, 1·18-1·42, p=3·50 × 10<sup>-8</sup>; joint OR 1·24, 1·15-1·33, p=4·52 × 10<sup>-9</sup>) for large artery atherosclerosis stroke.
However, previously reported associations for the PITX2 and ZFHX3 gene loci with cardioembolic stroke subtype were replicated (P = 7 × 10<sup>-15</sup> and 6 × 10<sup>-3</sup> ).
We showed genome-wide significance for 4 loci: ABO for all IS, HDAC9 for large vessel disease (LVD), and both PITX2 and ZFHX3 for cardioembolic stroke (CE).
Replication of protein-coding variants in candidate genes was observed for 2 previously reported GWAS associations: ZFHX3 (cardioembolic stroke) and ABCA1 (large-vessel stroke).
In contrast, 3 loci from related cardiovascular GWAS studies were significant: PHACTR1 in large-vessel disease (P=2.63e(-6)), PITX2 in cardioembolic stroke (P=4.78e(-8)), and ZFHX3 in cardioembolic stroke (P=5.50e(-7)).
We verified previous associations for cardioembolic stroke near PITX2 (p=2·8×10(-16)) and ZFHX3 (p=2·28×10(-8)), and for large-vessel stroke at a 9p21 locus (p=3·32×10(-5)) and HDAC9 (p=2·03×10(-12)).
We confirmed the association at 4q25 (PITX2) (OR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.13-1.81, p = 0.029) and 16q22 (ZFHX3) (OR 1.62; 95% CI, 1.26-2.07, p = 0.001) as risk loci for CE.
Our results also supported robust associations with ischaemic stroke for four other loci that have been reported in previous studies, including PITX2 (first stage OR 1·39, 1·29-1·49, p=3·26 × 10<sup>-19</sup>; joint OR 1·37, 1·30-1·45, p=2·79 × 10<sup>-32</sup>) and ZFHX3 (first stage OR 1·19, 1·11-1·27, p=2·93 × 10<sup>-7</sup>; joint OR 1·17, 1·11-1·23, p=2·29 × 10<sup>-10</sup>) for cardioembolic stroke, and HDAC9 (first stage OR 1·29, 1·18-1·42, p=3·50 × 10<sup>-8</sup>; joint OR 1·24, 1·15-1·33, p=4·52 × 10<sup>-9</sup>) for large artery atherosclerosis stroke.
We showed genome-wide significance for 4 loci: ABO for all IS, HDAC9 for large vessel disease (LVD), and both PITX2 and ZFHX3 for cardioembolic stroke (CE).
However, previously reported associations for the PITX2 and ZFHX3 gene loci with cardioembolic stroke subtype were replicated (P = 7 × 10<sup>-15</sup> and 6 × 10<sup>-3</sup> ).
We verified previous associations for cardioembolic stroke near PITX2 (p=2·8×10(-16)) and ZFHX3 (p=2·28×10(-8)), and for large-vessel stroke at a 9p21 locus (p=3·32×10(-5)) and HDAC9 (p=2·03×10(-12)).
In contrast, 3 loci from related cardiovascular GWAS studies were significant: PHACTR1 in large-vessel disease (P=2.63e(-6)), PITX2 in cardioembolic stroke (P=4.78e(-8)), and ZFHX3 in cardioembolic stroke (P=5.50e(-7)).
The lower proportion of patients achieving independence was found in the first tertile of serum albumin (lower level) as compared with the second and third tertiles in ischemic (OR, 4.60; 95% CI, 2.66-7.95; P < .0001), atherothrombotic, and cardioembolic stroke (P = .004 and P < .0001 by chi-square test).
A trend for benefit is noted in ischemic stroke patients with large cardioembolic stroke (NIHSS ≥15) when high-dose albumin was initiated within 2 h, suggesting that certain ischemic stroke subgroups of patients most representative of preclinical settings may benefit from such a treatment.
Ability of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Testing to Predict Cardioembolic Stroke in the General Population - Comparisons With C-Reactive Protein and Urinary Albumin.
Variants in matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene are associated with hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke patients with atherothrombosis, small artery disease, and cardioembolic stroke.