The purpose of this study was to examine the association between chosen cytokines, such as IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-2p70, IL-6, and kidney function as well as the body composition and nutritional markers in patients with CKD and diabetes mellitus type 2.
Multiple antifibrotic factors, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are also downregulated in CKD.
Subjects with CKD also showed expression of IFN-γ, perforin, and granzyme B in the CD4(+)CD28(+) subset, but this was much weaker than that seen in the CD4(+)CD28(null) population (P < 0.0001).