A hospital-based study was conducted to assess the frequency and spectrum of pathogenic germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Polish women with familial and nonfamilial breast cancer.
In conclusion, we have found that AI affecting BRCA1 and to a lesser extent BRCA2 may contribute to both familial and non-familial forms of breast cancer.
Peripheral blood from 21 BRCA1 mutation carriers (12 with BC and 9 healthy), 24 BRCA2 carriers (13 with BC and 11 healthy), 15 familial BC patients without detected mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 and 16 controls without familial history of cancer (5 with BC and 11 healthy) were irradiated or treated with MMC.
Survival rates for BRCA1-familial cases with TP53 mutations were not significantly lower than for familial cases without TP53 mutations (p = 0.25, RR = 1.64, 95% CI [0.71-3.78]).
Germline mutations in MEN1 and BRCA1 genes in a woman with familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and inherited breast-ovarian cancer syndromes: a case report.
Germ-line mutations in BRCA1 account for the majority of familial breast and ovarian cancer cases and development of cancer in individuals who carry such mutations requires somatic inactivation of the normal allele.
As ER-negative cases were mainly BRCA1-mutant, we speculate that the mechanism we demonstrated could be involved in the decreased expression of BRCA1 frequently observed in non BRCA1-mutant breast cancers and could be implicated as a causal factor in part of the familial cases grouped in the heterogeneous class of non BRCA1 or BRCA2-mutant cases (BRCAx).
In the first part of this review, we briefly discuss the function and regulation of the BRCA1 protein, including its role associated with familial and sporadic breast cancer.
Ovarian cancer patients are now being referred for BRCA1/2 genetic testing for treatment decisions, in addition to familial risk estimation, and irrespective of a family history of breast or ovarian cancer.
Of those samples previously determined to overexpress the HER2 protein, HER2 amplification was detected in one of three tumours from BRCA1 mutation carriers and in 13 of 17 tumours of the age matched non-familial cases.
Based on our initial experiments identifying a putative interaction between BRCA1 and the clock proteins Per1 and Per2, as well as the reported involvement of the circadian clock in the development of cancer, we have performed an expression analysis of the circadian clock genes Per1 and Per2 in both sporadic and familial primary breast tumors and normal breast tissues using real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Despite the relatively high prevalence of ovarian cancer (1% of American women will develop this disease in their lifetime) and recent developments in its molecular genetic understanding (several proto-oncogenes, such as AKT2 and cKRAS, and tumor suppressor genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been implicated), little is known about the presence of ovarian tumors and cancer in women already diagnosed with other familial multiple tumor syndromes.
On the basis of the fact that BRIP1/FANCJ interacts with BRCA1 and functions as a regulator of DNA double-strand break repair pathways, and that germline mutations within the BRIP1/FANCJ gene predispose to breast cancer, we chose this gene as a candidate for mutation screening in familial and young-onset PrCa cases.
The study of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and their alterations has been essential to the understanding of the development of familial breast and ovarian cancers.
Moreover, dysregulated androgen responses were observed in OSE cells derived from patients with germline BRCA-1 or -2 mutations (OSEb), which account for the majority of familial ovarian cancer predisposition, and such altered responses may be involved in ovarian carcinogenesis or progression.
The tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 on chromosome 17q21 has been characterized and shown to be mutated in patients with familial breast and ovarian cancer.