Recently, EPHB4 germline mutations have been reported in non-immune hydrops fetalis and in cutaneous capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation.
Germline Loss-of-Function Mutations in EPHB4 Cause a Second Form of Capillary Malformation-Arteriovenous Malformation (CM-AVM2) Deregulating RAS-MAPK Signaling.
A germline mutation was identified in 23 probands (53.5 ± 14.9%): 8 in ENG (34.8 ± 14.2%), 1 in ACVRL1 (4.3 ± 6%) leading to a diagnosis of HHT, and 14 in RASA1 (60.9 ± 14.4%) leading to a diagnosis of capillary malformation/arteriovenous malformation type 1.No EphB4 gene mutation was identified.
We present the case of a child with RASA1-negative CM-AVM syndrome with a de novo missense mutation in EPHB4, a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor essential for vasculogenesis.