Our data suggest that antibodies against select epitopes of HIV envelope protein gp120 might play an important role in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 infection.
This down-modulation is transient, occurring 18 h after HIV-1 infection of CD4+ PBL and returning to normal expression by 24 h. In CEM-E5, MHC-I down-modulation occurs over the course of days, reaching its greatest decrease (40%) about the time the cells are producing the most virus.
Our data suggest that antibodies against select epitopes of HIV envelope protein gp120 might play an important role in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 infection.
Our data suggest that antibodies against select epitopes of HIV envelope protein gp120 might play an important role in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 infection.
Taken together, our data show that HIV-1 infection markedly augments IL-1 beta RNA accumulation in stimulated monocytic cells, probably through increasing rate of transcription of IL-1 beta.
Transcript levels for IFN-alpha 1 and IFN-alpha 2 were equivalently induced in virus-infected U937 and U9-IIIB cells, indicating that a generalized derepression of cytokine gene expression did not occur as a consequence of HIV-1 infection.
HIV-1 infection of promonocytic U937 cells was used to examined induction of IFN-alpha/beta gene expression and to determine the inhibitory effects of IFN-alpha 2 and/or AZT on de novo HIV-1 infection, initiated either by coculture of virus-shedding U9-IIIB cells with uninfected cells or by incubation of U937 cells with virus-containing supernatants.
Although p24 core antigenemia and viral isolation have previously been described during primary HIV-1 infection, this report documents the large viral burden during the acute phase of infection.
These changes and the presence of HIV-1 genomic sequences were the first indications of HIV-1 infection and together with p24 antigenemia signified an inevitable progression to AIDS.
Recombinant CD 4 is therefore a potent antiviral agent able to prevent HIV-1 infection of peripheral blood macrophages, and the CD 4 molecule is likely to be the main HIV receptor on these cells.
Although p24 core antigenemia and viral isolation have previously been described during primary HIV-1 infection, this report documents the large viral burden during the acute phase of infection.
Although p24 core antigenemia and viral isolation have previously been described during primary HIV-1 infection, this report documents the large viral burden during the acute phase of infection.
These changes and the presence of HIV-1 genomic sequences were the first indications of HIV-1 infection and together with p24 antigenemia signified an inevitable progression to AIDS.
Although p24 core antigenemia and viral isolation have previously been described during primary HIV-1 infection, this report documents the large viral burden during the acute phase of infection.
Since F14.11 is able to identify nef protein in the cytoplasm of lymphocytes from HIV-infected seronegative subjects it may prove useful in monitoring the expression of nef during the silent HIV-1 infection.
These changes and the presence of HIV-1 genomic sequences were the first indications of HIV-1 infection and together with p24 antigenemia signified an inevitable progression to AIDS.
Although p24 core antigenemia and viral isolation have previously been described during primary HIV-1 infection, this report documents the large viral burden during the acute phase of infection.
Although human T cell surface glycoprotein CD4 is the cellular receptor for human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), the introduction of the human CD4 gene into murine cells does not render them susceptible to HIV-1 infection.
These results suggest that specific and persistent host antibody response patterns to gp120 develop early in HIV-1 infection and that these patterns are associated with differences in HIV-1 expression.
These changes and the presence of HIV-1 genomic sequences were the first indications of HIV-1 infection and together with p24 antigenemia signified an inevitable progression to AIDS.
These findings indicate that IL-6 may play a central role in HIV-1-specific B cell activation in seropositive patients, and further stress the importance of this cytokine during HIV-1 infection.
Although p24 core antigenemia and viral isolation have previously been described during primary HIV-1 infection, this report documents the large viral burden during the acute phase of infection.
These changes and the presence of HIV-1 genomic sequences were the first indications of HIV-1 infection and together with p24 antigenemia signified an inevitable progression to AIDS.
Thus, brain-derived microglial cells, which are the primary target of HIV-1 infection in the brain, express the CD4 receptor and this receptor is effectively used for viral entry in vitro.