Inhibitory activity of peptides on 6HB formation was tested in a temperature-controlled cell-cell fusion assay by flow cytometry using 6HB-specific mAb 2G8; on HIV-1 infection and fusion was assessed by p24 and cell-cell fusion assays.
Compared with baseline, p24 antigen production after <i>ex vivo</i> HIV-1 infection of vaginal biopsies doubled after DMPA use, but all <i>p</i>-values were >.05.
We demonstrate that ddPCR is a suitable alternative to HIV-1 p24 ELISA to quantify HIV-1 infection in the explant model and has the potential to decrease explant culture time.
Seven days post HIV-1 infection we evaluated: 1) p24 production (ELISA); 2) CD4/IL-21 and CD4/IL-17 T lymphocytes (FACS); 3) IL-17 concentration in supernatants (ELISA); and 4) IL-6, IL-17, IL-21, and miR-29a,b,c expression by CD4 T lymphocytes as well as perforin and granzyme by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (qPCR).
Here, we evaluated the potential of an rBCG expressing HIV-1 p24 antigen Gag in pMyong2 (rBCG-pMyong2-p24) in a vaccine application for HIV-1 infection.
In this study, the effect of novel triterpenoids isolated from <i>Ocimum labiatum</i> on HIV-1 expression was measured through HIV-1 p24 antigen capture in the U1 latency model of HIV-1 infection and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).
Importantly, HCMV gB and HIV-1 p24 can be detected in the same cell by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry; therefore, the establishment of HCMV latency in CD34<sup>+</sup> cells likely leads to host cell gene modulation that favors HIV-1 infection.
The assay detected HIV-1 infection in 13 seroconversion panels an average 10.5 days earlier than an HIV-1 antibody test and 4.9 days earlier than a p24 antigen test.
Diagnosis of primary HIV-1 infection is challenging due to the presence of a serological window; thus, HIV-1-RNA quantitation and/or measurement of p24 antigenemia are recommended in such cases.
Mechanisms of HIV non-progression; robust and sustained CD4+ T-cell proliferative responses to p24 antigen correlate with control of viraemia and lack of disease progression after long-term transfusion-acquired HIV-1 infection.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the heat-dissociated p24 antigen (HD p24 Ag) assay as an alternative low-cost tool for diagnosis of HIV-1 infection and quantitation of HIV-1 RNA levels in African adults mainly infected with HIV-1 CRF02_AG strains.
HCMV late antigens and HIV-1 tat protein colocalized in the cytoplasm of 5-10% of microglia and MDM. p24 antigen levels decreased 10- to 40-fold in supernatants of MDM and the reduction was greater when HCMV infection was performed 24 h before HIV-1 infection.
In vitro HIV-1 infection assays with CCR5-using primary isolates demonstrated that thymocytes with the heterozygous CCR5 Delta 32 mutation produced less p24 than did CCR5 wild-type thymocytes.
Retrospective analysis revealed that the five HIV-1 RNA-positive specimens originated from individuals who had symptomatic primary HIV-1 infection at the time of sample collection and who were also positive for p24 antigenemia.
Viraemia and p24 antigenaemia are independent risk factors for the emergency of a zidovudine-resistant genotype in nucleoside analogue-treated HIV-1 infection.
In studies of the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, it has been repeatedly shown that higher-titer antibody responses to the HIV gag p24 protein correlate with less rapid disease progression.
This investigation compares the results of a new method of diagnosing HIV-1 infection in infants < 6 months of age with currently employed techniques including cocultivation, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), serum p24 antigen, and in vitro antibody production (IVAP) measurements.
Application of the Q-NASBA to plasma samples of a patient with a primary HIV-1 infection shows good concordance of the HIV-1 RNA profile with the p24 antigen profile.
In longitudinally studied patients, this technique also allowed measurement of plasma virus levels throughout the period of follow-up, even when culture and p24 assays became negative following resolution of acute HIV-1 infection.
These changes and the presence of HIV-1 genomic sequences were the first indications of HIV-1 infection and together with p24 antigenemia signified an inevitable progression to AIDS.
Although p24 core antigenemia and viral isolation have previously been described during primary HIV-1 infection, this report documents the large viral burden during the acute phase of infection.