And no association of lncRNA ANRIL expression with IL-1β, IL-5, or IL-8 expression was discovered.LncRNA ANRIL expression correlates with increased AR risk, severity, and inflammation, implying that lncRNA ANRIL might be involved in the pathogenesis of AR.
Tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-5 inhibit olfactory regeneration via apoptosis of olfactory sphere cells in mice models of allergic rhinitis.
PGD<sub>2</sub> -CRTH2 and cysLTs-CysLT1 axes may activate tissue-resident ILC2s to produce Th2 cytokines, IL-5 and IL-13, leading to the development of allergic inflammation in AR.
Furthermore, CYT387 treatment resulted in the reduction of IL-4 and IL-5 expression and increased IFN-γ level in AR mice, which was consistent with the levels of intracellular cytokine in Th2 cell.
The disruption of epithelial integrity by IL-4, IL-5, and TNF-alpha in vitro indicated a possible role for these cytokines in the pathogenesis of patients with allergic rhinitis.
HIF-1alpha inhibitors induce antiallergic effects by decreasing both local and systemic Th2 cytokine (IL-4 and IL-5) production, IgE production, and eosinophil infiltration into the nasal mucosa in an AR model.
To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with house-dust mite (HDM) extract and to examine the change of biomarkers (TIM-1, IL-5 and IL-10) after 6-month SLIT in children with allergic rhinitis (AR).
IL-5 levels were higher in induced sputum from patients with asthma and AR compared with nonatopic subjects (p = 0.020 and p = 0.032, respectively), but IFN-gamma levels showed no significant difference between the groups.
In the FK group and DEX group, allergic symptoms, serum OVA-specific IgE, tissue eosinophil counts, IL-5 in NALF, and GATA-3 mRNAs expression decreased (p < 0.05), and IL-10 in NALF and Foxp3 mRNAs expression increased compared with the AR group (p < 0.05).
In the murine model with AR, the IL-5 and IgE levels closely related to the allergic inflammation were significantly reduced after the intranasal administration of IL-5 AS-ODN/WSC complexes.
This study was undertaken to analyse the allergen-induced in vitro mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, TGF-beta and interferon (IFN)-gamma during SLIT in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of children with allergic rhinitis (AR).
These data show that changes in IL-5 mRNA in patients with allergic rhinitis undergoing an allergen challenge correlate with total symptom scores better than changes in IL-5 protein eluted from filter paper.
Although interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 have been demonstrated to play a critical role in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, the mechanism that causes the predominance of Th2 lymphocytes has yet to be clarified.
Nasal allergen provocation in patients with allergic rhinitis leads to expression of the proeosinophilic cytokines IL-5 and GM-CSF and tissue eosinophilia.
When the levels of expression of cytokines and beta-actin mRNA were quantitated, the mean density ratios (cytokine/beta-actin) for IL-4 and IL-5 were higher in patients with allergic rhinitis than in control subjects.