We found that upregulated serum and nasal leptin and OPN expression in AR were positively correlated with eosinophilia and eosinophil cationic protein levels.
After adjusting for potential confounders, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the serum leptin concentration was significantly correlated with the levels of T-helper (TH) 2 cytokines (coefficient, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.05-0.91]), TH17 cytokines (coefficient, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.11-0.89]), and regulatory T-cell cytokines (IL-10, coefficient, -0.43 [95% CI, -0.02-0.65]; TGF-β, coefficient, -0.65 [95% CI, -0.06-1.35]) in patients with AR.
Serum leptin levels have been reported to be increased in patients with allergic rhinitis and nasal polyposis; however, the explanation for this is unclear.
Our findings suggest that serum leptin and adiponectin levels may serve as predictors of disease severity in childhood AR and both of them appear to be attractive candidates for unmasking or modulating AR.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum leptin levels in a cohort of patients with pollen-induced allergic rhinitis, before and after two pre-seasonal SLIT courses.