Betaine (900 ppm in vivo; 2 mM in vitro) and DHA (1% in vivo; 100 μM in vitro) supplementation both resulted in lower steatosis accompanied by the reduced expression of selected biomarkers in vivo and in vitro (<i>P</i> < 0.05).<b>Conclusion:</b> This study used adult laying hens to identify biomarkers for NAFLD and indicated that AACS, DPP4, GLUL, and GST could be considered to be potential diagnostic indicators for NAFLD in the future.
Local factors or dysfunction of local proteins such as mutations or polymorphisms in hepatic microsomal lipase and arylacetamide deacetylase may contribute the severity of liver involvement, and steatosis may progress to cirrhosis in the early infancy in Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome.
Overall, we demonstrated that Trx-1 promotes RCT by upregulating ABCA1 expression through induction of nuclear translocation of LXRα, and protects liver from steatosis.
In addition, LRP1 controls cellular cholesterol efflux by modulating the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1, and hepatic LRP1 protects against diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis through the regulation of insulin receptor trafficking.
These results suggest that BBR can reduce steatosis by increasing ABCA1 protein levels through PKCδ to reduce the phosphorylation of serine residues in ABCA1.
Expression of apoA-I or ABCA1 can reduce steatosis by decreasing lipid storage in hepatocytes through lipid transport and may also reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress, further lessening hepatic steatosis.
Hepatic nuclear receptors are known to modulate genes controlling BA metabolism; thus, in this work we aimed to compare the expression of liver nuclear receptors -farnesoid X (FXR), small heterodimer partner (SHP) and liver X alpha (LXRα) receptors- and BA transporters -sodium+/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) and bile salt export pump (BSEP)- in liver biopsy samples of patients with simple steatosis (SS) and NASH.
In summary, DMY likely modulates p62 and autophagy crosstalk with the Keap-1/Nrf2 pathway to alleviate liver steatosis and the inflammatory response in the pathological progression of ALD.
In addition, LRP1 controls cellular cholesterol efflux by modulating the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1, and hepatic LRP1 protects against diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis through the regulation of insulin receptor trafficking.
CGI-58 knockdown in mice using antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) treatment also leads to severe hepatic steatosis as well as increased hepatocellular diacylglycerol (DAG) content, a well-documented trigger of insulin resistance.
Mutations in ABHD5 gene are associated with the onset of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS), a rare autosomal recessive lipid storage disorder, characterized by non-bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (NCIE), hepatomegaly and liver steatosis.
Furthermore, CBD improved alcohol-induced hepatic metabolic dysregulation and steatosis by restoring changes in hepatic mRNA or protein expression of ACC-1, FASN, PPARα, MCAD, ADIPOR-1, and mCPT-1.