Finally, we show that DPP3 is overexpressed in breast cancer and that elevated levels of <i>DPP3</i> mRNA correlate with increased NRF2 downstream gene expression and poor prognosis, particularly for ER-positive breast cancer.
Together, these results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which E2 can regulate Nrf2 activity in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells and suggest that patients׳ hormonal status through this activity may play a significant role in some therapeutic outcomes.