When the primary tumor showed Nrf2 gene mutation, the C/A or A/A genotype, or elevated Nrf2 protein expression, the response of metastases to vascular endothelial growth factor-targeting therapy was significantly worse (p = 0.0142, p = 0.0018, and p < 0.0001, respectively), and overall survival was significantly reduced (p = 0.0343, p = 0.0421, and p < 0.0001, respectively).
A higher percentage of EPCs within the white blood cell fraction (total % EPCs / white blood cells (WBC)) and higher serum concentrations of VEGF were present in patients with MSI-H colorectal cancer, and not with MSS cancers (P < .001).MSI-H patients with colorectal cancer metastases are associated with the overexpression of circulating EPCs and VEGF, potentially driving angiogenesis.
Dietary 2-DG reduced the serum vascular endothelial growth factor levels (∼40%) in LLC-bearing mice along with a significant inhibition of tumour growth and metastases.
Calcineurin and its substrate, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), mediate the downstream signaling of VEGF, and is critical in the process endothelium activation and tumor metastasis.
In particular, both the tumor hypoxic microenvironment and the increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels via paclitaxel stimulation primarily mediate the resistance to chemotherapy, where multiple drug resistance proteins such as P-gp and tumor invasion-related cytokines such as VEGF are continuously activated to pump out chemical drugs and aggravate tumor metastasis, respectively.
The apoptosis associated protein (caspase-3, PARP,Bax,Bcl-2 and survivin) and metastases associated proteins including HEF1, MMP9 and VEGF were detected by Western blot, and the same method was used in the expression of PI3K and Akt.
Surprisingly, increased mortality and tumour metastasis were observed in the tumour-bearing V-γR mice, in comparison with the control wild-type and IFNγR-deficient mice.
In xenograft models and patient specimens, we identified a c-Met/β1 integrin complex that formed during significant invasive oncologic processes: breast cancer metastases and glioblastoma invasive resistance to antiangiogenic VEGF neutralizing antibody, bevacizumab.
PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with poor prognostic factors such as a higher ISUP nucleolar grade (p = 0.01), metastases at diagnosis (p = 0.01), a sarcomatoid component (p = 0.04), overexpression of VEGF (p = 0.006), and cytoplasmic PAR-3 expression (p = 0.01).
Patients with metastatic tumors had higher VEGF serum values when compared to patients without metastases (p = 0.033), and highest levels were observed in case of lymph node metastases (p = 0.008).
Our study provides a new insight into the role of VEGFA in NBL metastases by pointing to the role of stroma-derived intracrine VEGFA in osteoblastogenesis.
The Association Between VEGF+936C/T and -634G/C Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Susceptibility, Tumor Growth, and Metastases: Evidence From 20,728 Subjects.
The results from univariate and multivariate analyses suggest an influence of VEGF-A gene variants on the development of distant metastases in breast cancer patients.
The association of seven VEGF-A polymorphisms and their haplotypes with clinical recurrence (defined as the occurrence of local recurrence and/or distant metastases) in 496 prostate cancer patients treated with definitive radiotherapy were investigated.