Pulmonary arterial hypertension is related to mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2, pulmonary vascular dysfunction and is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease.
HPAEC made dysfunctional by siRNA-mediated BMPR2 depletion showed downregulation of 18 and upregulation of 19 P2 receptor Ca<sup>2+</sup> signalosome genes including PLCD4, which was found to be upregulated in iPSC-EC from BMPR2-mutant patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
GCN2 expression was quantified by Western blotting in 24 PVOD patients, 44 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; 23 bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II [BMPR2] mutation carriers, 21 non-carriers), and 3 experimental pulmonary hypertension models.
In particular, genetic alterations of BMPR2 gene are associated with several clinical disorders, including representative pulmonary arterial hypertension, cancers, and metabolic diseases, thus demonstrating the physiological importance of BMPR2.
Modulation of Endothelial Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type 2 Activity by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3 in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
The aim of this study was to characterize the genetics of a Spanish cohort of patients with idiopathic and hereditary pulmonary arterial hypertension and to describe the phenotype and prognostic factors associated with BMPR2 and the new genes (KCNK3 and TBX4).
Therefore, we investigated RV function in patients who have pulmonary arterial hypertension with and without the BMPR2 mutation by combining in vivo measurements with molecular and histological analysis of human RV and left ventricular tissue.
In this study we assessed if EIF2AK4 mutations occur also in a family with autosomal dominantly inherited pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) and incomplete penetrance of bone morphogenic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) mutations.
The novel relationship between BMPR2 dysfunction and reduced expression of endothelial COL4 and EFNA1 may underlie vulnerability to injury in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Characteristics of pulmonary arterial hypertension in affected carriers of a mutation located in the cytoplasmic tail of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2.