Human esophageal and gastric carcinomas express multi-autocrine growth factors and hormones including epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha and beta, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and sex hormones.
Populations of alveolar macrophages recovered from the lower respiratory tract secrete fibronectin, a multi-functional glycoprotein capable of influencing cell migration, attachment, differentiation, and proliferation.
The multi-CSF activity in RA is not due to IL-3 since human rIL-3 was not active in either murine assay, and IL-3 mRNA was not detected in RA synovium.
One reported predictor of poor outcome is increased multi-drug resistant gene (mdr-1) expression, as measured by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
One reported predictor of poor outcome is increased multi-drug resistant gene (mdr-1) expression, as measured by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
The P-glycoprotein is a product of the multi-drug resistance gene (mdr1) and functions as an energy-dependent efflux pump which decreases drug accumulation and cytotoxicity.
The P-glycoprotein is a product of the multi-drug resistance gene (mdr1) and functions as an energy-dependent efflux pump which decreases drug accumulation and cytotoxicity.
Based on these findings, a multi-step model is proposed for the progression of breast cancer from a hormone-dependent, ER+/EGFR-phenotype to an aggressive, hormone-independent, ER-/EGFR+ stage.
The neoplastic cells of the relapsed tumour expressed high levels of multi-drug resistance gene (mdr1)-related P-glycoprotein and glutathione-S-transferase-pi, both of which were absent in the pre-chemotherapy tumour tissues.
The neoplastic cells of the relapsed tumour expressed high levels of multi-drug resistance gene (mdr1)-related P-glycoprotein and glutathione-S-transferase-pi, both of which were absent in the pre-chemotherapy tumour tissues.
The neoplastic cells of the relapsed tumour expressed high levels of multi-drug resistance gene (mdr1)-related P-glycoprotein and glutathione-S-transferase-pi, both of which were absent in the pre-chemotherapy tumour tissues.
Nevertheless, our results suggest that, in certain tumor types, P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug resistance and CDDP-resistance phenotypes can coexist in cells with primary resistance to CDDP.
In order to clarify the mechanism of drug resistance in human myeloma cells, we investigated the expressions of DNA topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II gene and the genes possibly related to drug resistance; multi-drug resistant gene 1 (MDR-1), glutathione S-transferase class pi gene (GST-pi), by Northern blotting.
In order to clarify the mechanism of drug resistance in human myeloma cells, we investigated the expressions of DNA topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II gene and the genes possibly related to drug resistance; multi-drug resistant gene 1 (MDR-1), glutathione S-transferase class pi gene (GST-pi), by Northern blotting.
In order to clarify the mechanism of drug resistance in human myeloma cells, we investigated the expressions of DNA topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II gene and the genes possibly related to drug resistance; multi-drug resistant gene 1 (MDR-1), glutathione S-transferase class pi gene (GST-pi), by Northern blotting.
In order to clarify the mechanism of drug resistance in human myeloma cells, we investigated the expressions of DNA topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II gene and the genes possibly related to drug resistance; multi-drug resistant gene 1 (MDR-1), glutathione S-transferase class pi gene (GST-pi), by Northern blotting.