The vitamin D endocrine system is implicated in skin carcinogenesis and polymorphisms in genes associated with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene may alter the risk of keratinocyte cancers (basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)).
Finally, analysis of samples from patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma and precursors to invasive SCC demonstrated a significant correlation between p63 and VDR levels when compared with healthy normal skin control samples.
We determined whether the multiple cluster MPP was associated with characteristics associated with sensitivity to UV or glutathione S-transferase (GST) GSTT1, GSTM1, cytochrome P450 (CYP) CYP2D6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genotypes previously associated with BCC presentational phenotypes.