In our study, a novel CRF01_AE/07_BC HIV-1 recombinant form (TJIH0069), with four unique breakpoints in the pol, vpr, and nef gene regions, was identified among MSM in Tianjin City in north China.
We previously designed a T cell multiepitopic immunogen including protective conserved epitopes from HIV-1 Gag, Pol and Nef proteins (TMEP-B), that induced potent HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells when vectored by DNA and combined with the vaccine candidate modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-B.
The HIV and SIV Nef protein, a progression factor in AIDS pathology, can be transferred by microvesicles including exosomes and tunneling nanotubes (TNT) within the host even to uninfected cells, and Nef can induce CCL2 expression.
The TMEP-B protein contained conserved regions from Gag, Pol, and Nef proteins including multiple CD4 and CD8 T cell epitopes functionally associated with HIV control.
In this report, we show that both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) incorporate the virus-encoded Nef protein into EVs, including EVs circulating in the blood of SIV-infected macaques and that this presents a novel mechanism of Nef transfer to naive and even otherwise non-infectable cells.
This report describes the development of Nef Q-bodies that recognize Nef protein, one of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)'s gene products, in which fluorescent dye molecules were placed at various positions using an in vivo unnatural amino acid incorporation system.
Results indicate that SAG treatment reduced viral burden in the CNS immediately after HIV transmission, but also conferred extended neuroprotection via increased BBB integrity (elevated levels of tight-junction protein, Claudin 5, and reduced S100B levels in periphery).
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative factor (Nef) protein is an accessory pathogenic factor, which plays a significant role in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
However, a deletion in human tetherin prevents antagonism by the Nef proteins of SIVcpz and SIVgor, which represent the ape precursors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).
The gp120 envelope protein, Nef protein and Pol protein are particularly similar to host TCR, camouflaging HIV from the immune system and creating serious barriers to the development of safe HIV vaccines.
Genetic heterogeneity in the nef genes from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected rapid progressors (RPs) and long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) was analyzed to identify various amino acid substitutions responsible for the discernible difference in disease progression.
The HIVNef protein disrupts antigen presentation at the cell surface by interfering with the normal trafficking pathway of MHC-I and thus reduces CTL recognition and lysis of infected cells.
After two decades of research the Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a mysterious protein with an indisputable role in HIV pathogenesis.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein performs several functions potentially important for successful infection, including immune escape via down-regulation of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) and direct enhancement of viral infectivity and replication.
The objective of this study was to compare the S100+ LC density in high-grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) in HIV-positive and HIV-negative women.
The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus and simian immunodeficiency virus is expressed early in infection and plays an important role in disease progression in vivo.
During infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), selective downregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules by Nef protein allows infected cells to be protected from natural killer (NK) cell lysis and to escape the HIV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response.