Monocytes isolated from healthy volunteers were incubated with interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the presence of culture supernatants from neuroblastoma cell lines.
FCGR2A polymorphism is correlated with clinical outcome after immunotherapy of neuroblastoma with anti-GD2 antibody and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
Constitutive expression of mRNA transcripts of GM-CSF could be detected in all astrocytoma and one neuroblastoma cell lines, and two out of 5 unstimulated astrocytomas, U87MG and U138 MG, expressed G-CSF genes.