PCR array for the mRNA alterations in PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway of EAML showed high expression of PIP3, AKT, TSC1, mTOR, PDK1, P70, 4E-BP1 and elF4E.
We retrospectively analyze the clinical courses of five EAML, the use of everolimus on metastatic EAML, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies to investigate the gene mutation of TSC and the impact of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in metastatic EAML.
PCR array for the mRNA alterations in PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway of EAML showed high expression of PIP3, AKT, TSC1, mTOR, PDK1, P70, 4E-BP1 and elF4E.
We retrospectively analyze the clinical courses of five EAML, the use of everolimus on metastatic EAML, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies to investigate the gene mutation of TSC and the impact of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in metastatic EAML.
PCR array for the mRNA alterations in PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway of EAML showed high expression of PIP3, AKT, TSC1, mTOR, PDK1, P70, 4E-BP1 and elF4E.
We retrospectively analyze the clinical courses of five EAML, the use of everolimus on metastatic EAML, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies to investigate the gene mutation of TSC and the impact of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in metastatic EAML.
PCR array for the mRNA alterations in PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway of EAML showed high expression of PIP3, AKT, TSC1, mTOR, PDK1, P70, 4E-BP1 and elF4E.
Finally, we demonstrate the usefulness of CD68 (PG-M1) immunohistochemical staining in distinguishing t(6;11) renal cell carcinoma from pure epithelioid PEComa/epithelioid angiomyolipoma.
Immunohistochemical examination showed epithelioid angiomyolipoma cells that were focally reactive for HMB-45 and showed diffuse positive staining for Melan-A.
Sorafenib inhibits multiple kinases including VEGF receptors and has been used to treat metastatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma in one case, but formal trials have not been undertaken.
Herein, we describe a series of six primary and metastatic ESC-RCCs morphologically and immunophenotypically mimicking epithelioid angiomyolipoma (eAML).
Further analyses focusing on MDM2 pathway could contribute to the identification of novel prognostic factors and/or therapeutic targets in EAML patients.
Comparison with 5 eAML cases including 2 malignant tumors showed similar morphology and immune reactivity except for more frequent expression of HMB45 and lack of PAX8 positivity.