The data suggest that there may be a weak association with T1D for two OAS1 polymorphisms, rs3741981 and rs10774671, in populations of European descent.
Recently, it was reported that an A/G splice-site single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs10774671) in the OAS1 gene, encoding 2'5'-oligoadenylate synthetase, was associated with a protective effect against type 1 diabetes in unaffected siblings, and yet affected siblings showed random transmission.