Accumulating studies have reported that there is an association between the Ring finger protein 213 (RNF213) p.R4810K (rs112735431, c.14576G>A) single nucleotide polymorphism and the predisposition of moyamoya disease (MMD), intracranial major artery stenosis/occlusion (ICASO), quasi-moyamoya disease (quasi-MMD), and other vascular diseases.